I'd like to know whether Survey Project enables me to prefill an answer using the survey URL. 

I.E.: In Limesurvey, each question has a unique number (the SGQA identifier). You can prefill the answer for this question using the URL. For example, if the SGQA == 1700X1X5, you can prefill the answer for this question by changing the URL with the parameter 1700X1X5=<VARIABLE>

Is Survey Project capable of doing something like this?

I'll explain.

I have an application, in which I gather a lot of information (filled in by our employees). The information is stored to our local database and has a unique ID (for example: 1001, 1002, 1003 etc.). 

I am not able to add a survey in this application. However, I am able to send my users to a website (or, in this case, the survey). I'd like to be able to "link" the application to the survey, using the before mentioned unique ID. If I'd be able to put the ID in "POST" (HTML) or in the URL (as before mentioned) and store them in a survey answer (using prefilling), I'd be able to link them in my database using "Information.ID == Survey.ID", so to speak.

This is the main concept of prefilling, and Limesurvey supports it. I'd like to know if you can support this as well.